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Resisting land grabs, Barbuda

GLAN is supporting Barbudan land defenders taking on the big developers exploiting their homeland

Summary

Since Hurricane Irma in 2017, ultra-wealthy developers have been granted leases by the government to build luxury resorts and infrastructure, often against the will of the local community. GLAN is working closely with Barbudan land defenders to resist these land grabs by mapping developer leases, documenting environmental and legal violations, and supporting legal challenges to protect communal land rights and the Ramsar-listed wetlands.

Miranda’s case

On southern shores of Barbuda are some of the most beautiful ‘untouched’ pink sand beaches, which have remained protected from over-development because of the Barbudan system of communally owned land. One such area of coastline is currently held by Miranda Beazer, a local Barbudan who had previously run the renowned Pink Sands Beach Bar and accommodation, but who is now facing land grabs on either side of her property by big developers.
“They’ve infringed on my property without my consent. I am a local Barbudan and I don’t seem to have any rights on my own island because of some billionaires”
Miranda is fighting back – the developers who have encroached on her land bulldozed what was left of her businesses, already damaged by Hurricane Irma, and put up fences that take over acres of her land. GLAN is supporting Miranda to take on the developers as this case is a fight that affects all of Barbuda – if she is unable to fight her cases in court it risks developers taking over all of the remaining coastline that is still held by locals – and she could lose everything. Stand with Miranda now, support the fund for essential legal costs.

John and Jackie’s case

John Mussington and Jackie Frank are challenging the development of an environmentally harmful third airstrip and airport on Barbuda – that was built to give access to the ultra-wealthy’s private jets, on top of  pristine forest without proper community consultation.

The case challenges the Antigua and Barbuda authorities over the Barbuda Airport development. Supported by GLAN, John and Jackie argue that the development began unlawfully, without any permit in place and bypassed local consultation and consent. Central government granted retrospective approval but relied on Environmental Impact Assessments that have been assessed as unfit for purpose and should not have been accepted by the planning authority.

The case has uncovered US developers ‘Peace, Love, Happiness’ (PLH) backed by billionaire John Paul DeJoria and Casamigos co-founder Michael Meldman’s ‘Discovery Land Company’ (DLC) contributed 5 million USD to the airport’s construction, which was intended to provide private jet access to villas for the ultra-wealthy. This included a development owned by Hollywood star Robert DeNiro and an infamous PLH development built in a national park over the island’s internationally listed wetland.

In 2024, the Privy Council sitting in London, ruled in John and Jackie’s favour after they appealed a decision of the Court of Appeal of the Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court which said that they did not have ‘standing’ to challenge the razing of pristine forest for the private jet airport. The decision recognised John and Jackie’s standing in line with Antigua and Barbuda’s international obligations under the Escazú Agreement which calls for transparency and broad public participation in decision-making in environmental matters. This was the first judgment in the Caribbean to utilise this progressive international instrument.

Background

In 2017, the small, low-lying island of Barbuda was devastated by Hurricane Irma. The government forcibly evacuated residents, despite many wanting to remain. Later the same month work commenced on the private airstrip negotiated as part of the new ‘luxury resorts’; developers come on to the island to build the additional runway rather than focus on relief efforts.
Ever since ultra-wealthy developers have been fencing off vast stretches of the coastline for their projects. This is in spite of communal land ownership rights in Barbuda, which mean that citizens have rights to utilise the island’s resources. Individual citizens, whether resident on the island or not, have the exclusive right of occupation to a plot of land for a house, for a farm and for commercial purposes other than major developments. Common land ownership was established after Barbuda ended slavery in 1834 and was officially recognised by the Government of Antigua and Barbuda in 2007.

Map of developer 'leases' 

*Click the underlined map text for more details about each lease. Best viewed on desktop.
map legend.png
 

This is a basic map to represent the leases that are cutting off the coastline for local people, and traditional and community land use. All areas of the island have historically been communal and used freely by locals for foraging, sustainable hunting, agriculture, gathering materials for traditional handicrafts and recreation. Most of the coastline is accessed by small scale fisher-people and this right to access their own coastline is now being threatened. We are working with locals to create a much more detailed map.

Case Timeline

February 2017

Barbuda, PLH (Barbuda) Limited, a Barbuda-incorporated company financed by the US-based legal entity Peace Love and Happiness LLC (PLH) is granted two 99-years leases (known as “Palmetto Point” or “Barbuda Ocean Club”) by the Government of Antigua and Barbuda to construct an exclusive resort and community for wealthy clients.

September 2017

Hurricane Irma, one of the most powerful storms ever recorded in the region, hit Antigua and Barbuda. 95% of buildings were left damaged.

December 2020

GLAN submits a complaint to the Ramsar Secretariat to urgently intervene to arrange an independent advisory mission to visit and advise on ongoing and future threats to the protected wetland of the Codrington Lagoon.

September 2022

Joint campaign by GLAN and Front Line Defenders to end prosecution of 22 land defenders on the island of Barbuda is successful.

May 2023

GLAN visits Barbuda for community consultation and to gather evidence of environmental and human rights harms.

November 2023

Barbudan land defenders, John & Jackie, supported by GLAN, fight ruling on their 'legal standing' in a challenge to the new airport at the UK Privy Council.

February 2024

Local fisherman and GLAN take new case as co-claimants to protect Barbudan wildlife and Ramsar Protected Wetland.

February 2024

Land defenders John and Jackie win their case at the Privy Council. The court rules that they have legal standing to challenge the private jet airport on Barbuda. The case goes back Caribbean courts with Barbudans continuing their fight.

April 2024

The Barbuda Council are notified by the central government that all Barbudan land will be adjudicated and any land they deem 'unused' or 'unclaimed' will revert to the crown / central government ownership.

April - June 2024

GLAN and BLRRC file complaint with the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights over the latest land grab via 'land adjudication' process. Further information submitted in June.

September 2024

A judicial review challenge filed against the land adjudication process by the Barbuda Council.

September 2024

Constitutional challenge filed against the land adjudication process by Barbudan community members.

May 2026

The BBC covers the cases and speaks to Miranda Beazer about the fight to save her property.

1 June 2026

John Mussington and Jackie Frank attend High Court of Antigua and Barbuda for a full hearing of their challenge against the environmentally harmful third airstrip and airport on Barbuda.

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