HomeCasesWidespread harms at the Cerrejón coal mine, Colombia

Widespread harms at the Cerrejón coal mine, Colombia

Supporting Indigenous and Afro-Colombian communities fight back against the extensive harms from the infamous Cerrejón mine

Case summary

Alongside Colombian partners and Christian Aid, GLAN has filed a legal complaint against Anglo American, a UK-based multinational, for its role in environmental destruction and human rights abuses at the Cerrejón coal mine in La Guajira, Colombia. The complaint was submitted to the UK’s National Contact Point (NCP) under the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises. Despite Anglo American co-owning the mine for over 20 years, the UK NCP refused to investigate, claiming lack of jurisdiction after the company sold its stake in 2022. GLAN argues this decision misapplies the OECD Guidelines and allows companies to evade accountability simply by divesting. The case calls on the UK government to correct this failure and ensure corporate accountability for overseas harms.

Case background

The Cerrejón Mine is one of the largest open-pit coal mines in the world. Its operations have caused:
  • Forced displacement of Indigenous Wayúu and Afro-Colombian communities
  • Severe air and water pollution
  • Widespread health impacts and human rights violations
Alongside our partners, GLAN has documented these harms and submitted complaints against Anglo American, BHP, Glencore, and Ireland’s state-owned energy provider ESB. Despite clear evidence, the UK NCP has failed to issue a final statement or engage meaningfully with the complaint. In November 2025, Ireland’s NCP issued a final statement which highlighted serious insufficiencies with the Bettercoal certification scheme, used by ESB. The case highlights the urgent need for stronger mechanisms to hold multinational corporations accountable for environmental and human rights abuses abroad, and warns that the UK risks becoming a safe haven for corporate impunity.
   

Case Timeline

19 January 2021

GLAN files simultaneous complaints to the NCPs in UK, Switzerland and Australia where Cerrejón’s parent companies are based.

We also file two complaints to the Irish NCP about Irish energy company ESB’s relationship with Cerrejón and the sales wing of Cerrjon known as CMC which is operates from Dublin. We argue that the mine must progressively closed down and its impacts remedied.

Summer 2024

We mediate with Irish energy company ESB over their purchases of coal from the Cerrejón mine, asking them to stop all imports immediately.

This was the first time that communities affected by the mine directly engaged with purchasers of Cerrejón coal.

November 2025

As the result of the formal complaint lodged in January 2021 with the Irish OECD watchdog, the Irish NCP’s delivered its Final Statement in November 2025. It called on ESB to address failures in how it responded to serious human rights impacts linked to coal imports from the notorious Cerrejón mine. The Final Statement  highlighted serious insufficiencies with the Bettercoal certification scheme, which ESB has hidden behind when challenged on the human rights impact of its imports of Cerrejón coal. The NCP expressed concerns over Bettercoal’s lack of transparency, non-inclusion of independent voices in assessment mechanism, and the fact that its human rights impact assessments were six years out of date. A gap that was in breach of Bettercoal’s own rules and ESB’s duty to ensure ongoing due diligence under the OECD Guidelines. 

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